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Analysts at Binance Research said a series of hacking incidents in April triggered approximately $13 billion in outflows from the decentralized finance (DeFi) sector. As a result, total value locked (TVL) declined significantly, while leverage levels across the ecosystem approached highs not seen in years.
According to Binance Research's May report, DeFi TVL fell 10.7% in April to $82.7 billion.
At the same time, analysts recorded a rise in the sector's leverage ratio to around 38%, a level last seen during the 2021 bull market.
Binance Research noted that the increase was driven not by stronger demand for borrowing, but by shrinking liquidity within the ecosystem. As TVL declined, the existing debt burden represented a larger share of the market.
Researchers added that the sector has yet to experience meaningful deleveraging despite the broader correction in crypto markets.
The most significant incidents involved Drift Protocol and KelpDAO, which suffered losses estimated at $285 million and $292 million, respectively.
Earlier reports suggested that the combined damage from the two attacks reached $577 million and that the incidents may have been linked to North Korea's Lazarus Group.
Binance Research emphasized that threats facing DeFi now extend well beyond smart contract vulnerabilities. Attackers are increasingly relying on social engineering, internal system compromises, governance exploits, and weaknesses in cross-chain bridges.
Although losses from attacks declined by nearly 90% in May compared with April, risks to the sector remain elevated. Analysts highlighted recent exploits involving Humanity Protocol, Aztec Connect, and Raydium.
Researchers believe the market remains vulnerable due to a combination of elevated leverage and reduced liquidity. This creates additional risks for DeFi protocols even after the largest wave of attacks has subsided.
Earlier, Balancer Labs announced that it would shut down operations. The team cited declining liquidity, rising operating costs, and the aftermath of a major exploit that affected the Balancer protocol in 2025.